八维认知功能

【八维功能形象化定义】

Si 已被认可的知识、规则、秩序，包括社会规则、社会道德、社会认可的知识（专家说）、自己储存认可的知识、记忆、规则、信念。可以理解为存储的信息是一座按规则堆积的山，可以按存储规则去精准提取

Se 从参与外部世界获得的体验

Ni 在时间线上对趋势的预测，忽略自己认为次要的信息，用主观重要信息采用不完全归纳法推理预测。可以理解为储存的信息在一个水平面中，而Ni就是在水面上按自己的规则瞬间移动的提取机。

Ne 对可能性的思考，由点到片，认为一个知识是一点，那么Ne会将这点作为圆心画一个园，周边的面积就是对各种可能性的推测。存储的信息是一个水平面，在提取的时候是在某一点之上动态组成片并成片提取

Ti 演绎推理，更重视自己的理论架构推理，不考虑外界实际情况，倾向于从逻辑上判断是否符合自己的完美准则。认为事物的规律都必须符合自己的先验逻辑

Te 分类处理，主要作用于外部事物的物理结构，用逻辑思维处理外部世界，有些时候逻辑处理可能不完备但会符合现实情况。认为事物的规律是现场分析发现的

Fi 从自身价值和信念进行判断，一般喜欢考虑：我是不是喜欢，我觉得怎么样。即使别人黑心欺负但只要自己YY认可就挺好

Fe 分析判断人际关系，一般考虑最多的是这样做会多其他人造成什么样的影响，再判断自己是否接收，所以很容易导致为了让他人开心而委屈自己的情况。一般政客必备 Fe，否则会死得很惨，所以在有些书中会写 ENTP 能做政客，INTJ 要做政客必须具备充足到社会经验

【使用八个维度时的自身体验】

以下为分别使用 8个维度时的自身体验的状态。

Section 1: extraverted Sensing 外向感觉

How often do you...

1. notice sensory cues 敏感于感官线索

feel pulled to particular sensory details

automatically aware of where you and things are in physical space

notice relevant facts in a sea of data before you

强迫性的关注特定的感官细节(视,听,触,嗅..)

会自觉意识到自身所处的空间方位 或其他物件的空间方位

能在海量的数据中觉察到相互有关联的事实存在

2. enjoy impulsive action 热衷于即兴行为

freely follow exciting physical impulses or instincts as they come up

enjoy the thrill of action and physical experience in the present moment

easily get in synch physically with people and things around you

能轻松自如的顺从随时产生的生理冲动 或本能

能立即享受到躯体运动经验(如体育运动)而生的舒爽感

可以轻易地配合他人或物件的躯体动作, 形成协调的联动

3. engage local context 融合于毗邻环境

learn all the options and activities available in your local environment

do a variety of hands-on activity most days going at an easy-going pace

become totally absorbed as you move, touch and sense what's around

一切有用的知识和技能都是从自身周边可触知的环境中学得的

几乎每天都会不紧不慢的做一些需要亲自动手(手工)完成的活动

当感知(视,听,触,嗅..)周边的事物, 时而会完全沉浸其中而忘我

4. seize immediate options 行动很迅速

quickly move to take actions to get some kind of immediate result

instantly read the cues to see just how far you can go

effortlessly vary actions to test the limits of what you can get away with

快速采取行动, 以得到立竿见影的效果

(stefan：典型的短期行为)

迅速检查可用的线索, 判断自己能在多大程度上解决问题

能根据时机随意改变行动, 尝试尽可能的将收获/"战果"最大化

5. sustain impactful style 个性很鲜明

set up people's responses and finesse an effect that makes an impact

impress by doing actions with uncanny skill to exceed limits and expectations

pull off results and get action simply by making a presence

总有些鬼点子能做出极其震撼的效果, 吸引到别人的回应

采取行动中会采用不循常规的技巧来取得超出预期的惊人效果

有时候玩命的完成一件事情, 仅仅为了引起别人的注意

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Section 2: introverted Sensing 内向感觉

How often do you...

1. notice detailed data 敏感于细节数据

collect detailed information

recognize familiar subtle sensory elements (specific aromas, spellings, etc)

feel pulled to halt something new to your experience

惯于收集细节性的信息 (stefan：比如对每日开支记账)

能识别出(通常是其熟知的)十分细微的感知对象, 比如某种特殊的气味, 某种拼写方式, blablabla..

强迫性的抑制自己尝试新经历的冲动 (stefan：不愿改变现状)

2. trust common experience 相信大众常识

feel energized by participating in traditions or other customary activities

follow the work, ideas and example of others who have come before you

fulfill the same regular work or activity everyday at an even steady pace

在参与传统的, 惯例性的活动时能感到身心放松, 体能恢复

自然地遵循先来者(已实践过)的想法, 范例来办事

习惯于每天都以衡稳的节奏作者常规性的工作/活动

3. use careful comparisons 谨慎的对比过去和现在

recall with accurate detail how something was like before

point out discrepancies from how things have always been compared to now

notice if something before you matches the expected details

能以精确的细节信息回忆起事/物过去的情形/形态

能指出以往比较事物的方式和现在比较事物方式之间的差异

当面前的某物在特定的细节要求上与预期相匹配时, 能敏感的觉察到这一点

4. create reliable foundation 为自己建立取信的基础

gather lots of information over time to confirm a set standard

review the past to draw on the lessons of history, hindsight and experience

compare data against a storehouse of what is known to find what's reliable

会长期的收集大量的信息来肯定/确认某个既有的标准是对的

(stefan：可能意味着会越来越固执)

通过回顾历史经验而从中总结教训, 得出"后见之明"的结论

(stefan：其实我当时已经想到会是这样, 怎么就.. 唉..)

将信息/数据和自身已有的知识经验储备相比对, 从中提取自己认为"可信赖"的成分

(stefan：当然是和自己经历相似的成分)

5. sustain ageless custom 坚持传统, 不管它多老了

patiently shepherd others to their roles as they navigate life events new to them

sustain civilization and protect what's known and long-lasting

support and maintain institutions even while what is reliable changes

有耐心地教化别人, 培养别人去适应其"应该"成为社会角色, 指导别人去处理生活中以前未遇到过的"新"问题

(stefan：因为对于他们自己并不是新问题了)

坚持文明修养, 保护已知的和长久存在的事物

(stefan：所以为什么最难撼动的传统通常是礼制呢..)

支持并维护老惯例和旧制度, 即使它已经明显变得不可信赖了

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Section 3: extraverted Thinking 外向思考

How often do you...

1. notice sequential order 敏感于事物的因果次序

notice when something is not functioning right

usually know the time or which step you are at when doing a task

follow a straight line of reasoning

再事/物运行不正常时, 能敏感觉察到

做任务时能准确把握自己还有多少时间, 现在做到了哪一步

采用直线推理的逻辑方式

(stefan：一件事情的原因必是另一件事情的结果)

2. trust empirical thinking 相信实证思维

conform thinking to what is observed as measurable fact

challenge someone’s thinking based on the logic clearly before you two

lay out reasonable explanations for decisions or conclusions made

只思考可观测可度量的现实事物

攻击对方的思想时, 用的是双方都明了的逻辑

(stefan：必然是外在的现实的逻辑, 因而大家都必须承认)

能为自己的决定/结论给出合乎逻辑的解释

(stefan：Ti给不出这样的解释, 因为Ti的对象并不是现实存在的)

3. use control method 善用控制方法

sequence actions and organize time for optimal efficiency

control impulses and compartmentalize personal feelings and emotional reactions

structure and organize data and ideas in an easy-to-follow format

采用"序列行动", 以为取得最优效率而规划最优的时间分配

(stefan：先做什么后做什么最省时间, 最少闲置资源)

压制冲动行为, 隔离个人感受和情绪反应(的影响)

(stefan：计划要稳定, 政策要持续, 做事情要有规律)

将信息和观念都整合进一个易于贯彻的程式当中

(stefan：啥叫"致富"? "致富"就是多养猪, 多种树)

4. create objective procedures 建立客观流程

determine success by measurement or other objective method such as time taken

chart and monitor contingency plans based on various consequences

create a step-by-step procedure for people to complete a specific complex task

用计量方法和其他客观方法衡量是否达到目标/成败

(stefan：例如现代企业的指标化的绩效管理)

为多种可能出现的情况制定应急计划

(stefan：很严谨)

为细节性又复杂的任务制定"步进法"的工作程序

(stefan：想想"数字电视机顶盒安装说明书")

5. sustain management strategy 坚持战略管理

mobilize resources and supervise implementation of a multi-part plan

establish a method for others to successfully attain goals and objectives

organize and monitor people and things to work efficiently and productively

为宏观性的多模块的计划调度资源, 监督其执行

为其他人建立一套能(成功)达到目标的方法

组织并监督人力资源和物力资源, 以实现高产出和高效率

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Section 4: introverted Thinking 内向思考

How often do you...

1. notice logical category 敏感于逻辑范畴

recognize a logical deduction

correctly classify or fit data according to a definition or model

notice logical inconsistencies in statements

善于识别演绎推理

(stefan：其实也是因果推理, 大概Te是有形的, Ti是无形的)

能正确的依据定义和模型归类/匹配信息和数据

(stefan：敏感于信息/数据性质的不同)

能觉察出有关陈述中的逻辑混乱

(stefan：即推理上的矛盾)

2. value critical thinking 重视辩证思考

evaluate the likely accuracy of what's observed according to a model

focus on finding just the exact right words to say something accurately

analyze and critique to eliminate what doesn't fit with a principle

依据一个模型(通常只)以粗略的精确度来估测的事/物的特征

(stefan：喜欢定性, 不喜欢定量)

会集中精力寻找一个能恰好精确表述某项含义的合适措辞

(stefan：字斟句酌)

会分析和批判, 以清除/否定不符合某项原理的事物

(stefan：表现为先否定, 再分析, 而非先分析, 再决定要不要否定)

3. use problem solving 采用"解题"模式

get energized analyzing challenging problems or technical puzzles

tinker with a specific problem by trying a general approach or principle

take apart something to figure out the principles on which it works

在分析有挑战性的难题或技术难关时倍感精力充沛

(stefan：能提出Question, 就有思考的方向)

倾向尝试寻找"通法"解决具体的问题

(stefan：要解决所有这一类的问题, 而不是这一个)

将事/物拆分, 以弄清楚其中运作的原理是什么

(stefan：宏观适用的原理都是由局部适用的原理抽象出来的)

4. refine universal model 精炼宏观模型

search for terms that accurately describe the essential characteristics of a framework or approach

continuously refine and make ever-finer distinctions in definitions of principles

detach to analyze factors from various angles and leverage points

尝试寻求能准确描述一项方法/范畴的核心特征的准确措辞

不断的寻求精确化, 再精确化化原理之间在定义上的细微差别

游离于研究对象之外, 从多种角度和多个出发点来分析对象

5. sustain ruling principles 坚持一项基础原则

continually try many angles at once as you attack and engage a problem

easily reference multiple frameworks at once while problem solving

maintain consistency with a ruling principle over a long period of time

能同时从很多不同的的角度来思考解决一个问题的方法

(stefan：思维的高度跳跃和迁移, 更像是是N的功能)

思考问题时能随意的同时参考多个不同领域中的信息/知识

(stefan：还是更像N的功能)

会在长时间内采用一条基础性的原则作为所有思路的基点, 来保持的来保持思维的连贯和一致

(stefan：以一条基本的假设作为衡量可能性真伪的标准)

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Section 5: extraverted Feeling 外向情感

How often do you...

1. feel others need 感受他人需要

feel pulled to be responsible and take care of others’ feelings

empathize with what someone says (how much it means to them)

take on what someone is feeling or thinking as if you are them

不自觉的从心中生出某种责任感, 感到自己应该照顾别人的感受

(stefan：同情心)

因他人说的话, 如"某事情对他们多么重要", 而在心中引起同感

(stefan：情感的内向投射)

开怀接纳他人的感受, 又能设身处地为别人考虑

2. trust shared values 信仰"共享的价值观"

prefer to self-disclose how you feel inside, your values, and issues you have

recognize and adhere to shared values, feelings and social norms to get along

feel affected by others' opinions of you, particularly those you admire and respect

(相比于隐藏情感), 更倾向于自我剖白, 表达自己的内心感受, 价值取向和经历(过)的事情

认可, 忠实于公众的价值观, 公众情感和社会规范

受他人对自己评价的影响, 尤其是自己所仰慕和崇敬的人的评价

3. use social connection 以社交联络感情

make people feel comfortable by engaging in hosting and care-taking

give the deserved praise, warmth and respect to people's feelings and opinions

reciprocate appreciation and honor the support others give you

以宾主之仪对客人关怀体贴, 让别人感到很舒适

对他人的感受和看法表示出应有的赞扬, 关怀和尊重

会积极回应他人的称赞, 对他人给予的支持表示敬意和感谢

4. make intimate commitments 表现亲密联系

merge and feel intimate oneness with others

easily take on someone else's needs and values with a commitment as one's own

guide social give-and-take to make people feel a certain way

在情感上能和别人融为一体, 让人感觉亲密无间

(stefan：可能同时有投射和内向投射的成分)

能十分轻易的将别人的需求和价值观念转移到自己身上, 就好像自己真的也这么想似的

(stefan：A:他真不是个东西 B:对, 他这人太不够意思了)

会引导实践"平等交换, 互谅互让"的社交习俗, 以期让大家都觉得这就是理所应当的做法

5. sustain communal spirit

spread values as a worthy ethical role-model people respect and admire

easily communicate personally to all persons in a group to feel together as one

form intimate connections with many people to meet their needs

仿佛一位受敬仰的道德模范一样传播自己的价值观

(stefan：如果这种形象确实得到了外在的肯定, 就会更加明显)

能轻易的和群体中的任何人进行个人交流, 感觉像亲如一家似的

为满足别人的需要, 能同时和很多人建立起亲密的联系

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Section 6: introverted Feeling 内向情感

How often do you...

1. feel gut reaction 善恶分明

feel strongly that something is good or bad

recognize what you want, what motivates you, or how you feel inside

detect if someone’s behavior is authentic or phony

强烈的感受到某事是"善"还是"恶"

(stefan：善恶的标准自然也是其个人的, 即可能是相悖于大众的)

能清楚地意识到"我想要什么", "我的动机是什么","我内心的感受是怎样的"

(stefan：真不容易, 羡慕a)

当一个人怀有虚伪或不真诚的动机时, 能觉察出来

2. trust personal beliefs 笃信个人信念

follow absolute ideals, a specific belief system, or empowering identity

loyally stick with your “group” (whatever that may be)

stay always true to what you want for yourself or others

会遵从某绝对化的理想, 个人, 信念体系或某个强势的身份认同

(stefan：麻原札幌, 释迦摩尼, 共?主义, 韩国公民)

忠诚的支持和跟随其所属的"群体", 不管这个群体是干什么的

(stefan：Nazi)

对自己和对他人的欲求/期望都十分真诚, 始终如一

3. make existential choice 做存在性的抉择

evaluate how a belief applies to you personally

choose how you want to feel inside and change how you feel when needed

continually examine if choices match inner values system and intent

会估量如何能将一条信念应用于自身

(stefan：很好很虔诚)

能选择"我该有怎样的感受", 然后, 如需要, 就能改变自己的感受

(stefan：太牛了, 膜拜一万下)

不断的反思自己的选择是否符合自己内在的价值观和深层动机

4. create inner harmony 建立内在和谐

identify and defend what someone truly needs

patiently abide people how you can for their unique happiness

evaluate the most important stuff that is unsaid and unseen

能识别出并保护别人的真实需求

(stefan：牛)

为了让别人享受各自的快乐而尽力耐心的忍受别人

(stefan：牛)

会评估那些未被人们说出来或者察觉到的却又很重要的事物(eggkoo)

5. sustain human balance 保持人性平衡

continually weigh the situational worth or importance of everything

patiently keep balancing the core issues of peace and conflict in life's situations

sustain a life of faith in a universal spirit of compassion and community

不断的衡量一切东西对于情境价值

(stefan：房间里摆一束花, 它让人心情愉快, 它就有情境价值)

耐心的在各种生活处境中平衡安宁与冲突的因素

保持一种以普世意义的公益心+慈善心为自身信仰的生活

(stefan：Bill Gates)

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Section 7: extraverted Intuiting 外向直觉

How often do you...

1. notice hidden meaning "背后的意义“很隐秘

perceive moments of synchronicity or convergence

understand metaphors or analogies that explain ideas

experience a strange "knowing" or magical moment

能"感知"到共时瞬间

(stefan：你看了一眼电话, 突然觉得它会响, 于是它就响了)

能明白用来解释一项观点的类比和隐喻

(stefan：Ne本身也喜欢用类比/隐喻来解释自己的想法 )

会经历某种莫名其妙的"知道"或其它诡异的时刻

(stefan：你选择了岔路1而不是2, 于是你活了下来, 他们都死了..)

2. enjoy imaginative links 自由联想很享受

appreciate brainstorming and trust what emerges

float various potential, unrelated ideas just to see where they might lead

pluck an idea from the invisible flow of ideas drifting in the air

看重自由辩论, 也相信自由辩论中得出的结论

(stefan：Ne往往需要这种方式来扩展自己的视野)

会联想各种毫不关联的想法, 就为了看看最后能组合出什么

(stefan：学名叫做yy)

能随意的从一串(就像飘忽于空中的)想法中抽取出一项观点

3. engage creative flow 捕捉创意意识流

follow potential possibilities as they emerge in the moment

juggle many tangential thoughts and abstractions at once without focusing on one

perceive endless potential meanings from threads of ideas

有立即实践随时想到的可能性的冲动

(stefan：似乎只有Ne本身是主功能的时候才很明显)

任思维在许多无形的观念, 抽象的想法之间来回跳跃, 而不聚焦于其中的某一个

(stefan：甚至会变成强迫性的倾向)

能从一串想法中"感知"出几乎无限多的可能的涵义

(stefan：太多可能性以至于不知道哪个是最真实的)

4. make remarkable inferences 语出必惊人

weave into the current situation aspects of other, random contexts

quickly entertain a wealth of possible interpretations when first meeting an idea

enjoy imaginatively playing with scenarios and combining possibilities

能随机的将其他情境中的视角或看法迁移到当前的情境中来

(stefan：Ne的视野广度体现于此)

首次面对某项观点时, 心里会迅速想到一堆可能的说法来解释它

热衷于有想象力的进行情景游戏, 随意的搭配各种可能性

(stefan：还是yy)

5. catalyze potential situations 催化可能变为现实

catalyze people and extemporaneously shape situations

transform situations and others by way of indirect suggestions and redirection

spread an atmosphere of change through emergent leadership

会"催化"别人, 且会不时的即兴改造下环境

(stefan：“催化”可能指促使别人向着自己认为正确的方向"进步")

以间接的建议方式或领导风格来实现对环境和他人的转变

(stefan：说白了就是不做决定)

以emergent leader的身份来传播一种变革的的气氛

(stefan：实质上是内部瓦解)

(more about "emergent leader")

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Section 8: introverted Intuiting 内向直觉

How often do you...

1. have sudden realization 顿悟

experience a premonition or foresee the unexpected

feel pulled to the symbolic, archetypal or mysterious

suddenly realize an "ah ha!" answer out of nowhere

体验过对于预期之外的事情的预先感知(预见)

强迫性地被象征性的, 有关"原型"的或有神秘色彩的东西吸引

会无征兆的凭空就"顿悟"出了某件事的答案

2. trust future change 相信未来的变化

feel energized when dwelling on an image of future change or transformation

stay focused on fulfilling a vision or dream of how things will be in the future

feel certain that future changes will unfold in a foreseen way

在沉浸于对未来的变化/变革的设想时会倍感兴奋

持续的致力于要实现未来应发生的变化的愿景(梦想)

深信未来就会发生今天预见到的变化

3. use magical guide 奇幻的精神向导

rely on a focal device or symbolic action to predict, enlighten or transform

gain a profound realization from a mystical state or catharsis

layout how the future will unfold based on unseen trends and telling signs

会依赖于诵经念咒或其他象征性的行为来预测, 灵启, 或转变

能从精神净化或某种神秘状态中获得深邃的领悟

会依据不可见的趋势或预兆来展现"未来会发生什么"

4. create innovative answers 给出创新的解答

work out a complex concept or system of thinking about things in a new way

deliberately pick a specific problem to sleep on and awaken with the full answer

conceive of symbolic or novel ways to understand things that are universal

以新思路来弄明白一项挺复杂的概念或系统

会刻意带着某一个具体的问题入睡, 醒来时就有答案了

设想一种新奇的 或象征性的方式去理解那些普遍存在的事物

5. sustain transformed existence 存在可以"变形"

regularly use ideas and tools that transform how you understand existence

transform yourself in a specific way by focusing on another version of yourself

create transcendent experiences or solutions that transcend a problem

经常性或有规律的使用些方法改变你理解"存在"的方式

通过聚焦于自己的另一种可能的存在方式, 能将自己"变形"

(stefan：是不是就可以伪装别人了?)

能创造一种超越于具体问题本身的极其伟大的解决方法